Antropologi Teologis: Dari Dogmatis Struktural Menuju Konstruktif-Relasional Kontekstual

Roy Charly HP Sipahutar

doi:10.30648/dun.v7i2.841

Antropologi Teologis: Dari Dogmatis Struktural Menuju Konstruktif-Relasional Kontekstual

Roy Charly HP Sipahutar

Abstract

Abstract. Theological anthropology is not a new theme in the discussion of Christian theology. The Christian theologians since the early period have given serious thought to the theme. However, many people do not know that the development of theological anthropological thought is not as simple as imagined. Aspects of anthropology associated with theology from early Christianity to the Middle Ages are very different from what is developed during the Enlightenment until todaywhen anthropology has become one of the established scientific disciplines. This study used a critical descriptive-analytical method to examine the development of Christian theological anthropological thought throughout the history of Christianity to this day. The results of the study indicated that the struggle of theological anthropological thought is present as an effort to answer challenges in a certain context and time.

Abstrak. Antropologi Teologis bukanlah sebuah tema baru dalam diskusi teologi Kristen. Para pemikir Kristen sejak periode awal telah memberikan pemikiran yang serius terkait tema tersebut. Hanya saja, banyak pihak yang tidak mengetahui bahwa perkembangan pemikiran antropologi teologis tidak sesederhana seperti apa yang dibayangkan. Aspek antropologi yang dikaitkan dengan teologi pada periode Awal Kristianitas sampai Abad-abad Pertengahan sangat berbeda dengan apa yang ditemukan masa Pencerahan sampai hari ini, ketika antropologi telah menjadi salah satu bidang keilmuan yang mapan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis yang kritis untuk menelaah perkembangan pemikiran Antropologi Teologis Kristen di sepanjang sejarah Kristianitas sampai hari ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pergulatan pemikiran Antropologi Teologis hadir sebagai upaya untuk menjawab tantangan dalam konteks dan waktu tertentu.

Keywords

Theological Anthropology; dogmatic; constructive-relational contextual; Antropologi Teologis; imago Dei; dogmatis; konstruktif-relasional kontekstual

Full Text:

PDF

References

Alder, Hans. “Johann Gottfried Herder’s Concept of Humanity.” Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture 23 (1994): 55–74. https://doi.org/10.1353/sec.2010.0169.

Anderson, Ray. “Theological Anthropology.” In The Blackwell Companion to Modern Theology, edited by Gareth Jones. Malden: Blackwell, 2004.

Barth, Karl. Pengantar Ke Dalam Teologi Berdasarkan Injil. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2012.

BazÁn, B. Carlos. “The Creation of the Soul According to Thomas Aquinas.” In Philosophy and Theology in the Long Middle Ages, edited by Kent Emery. Leiden: Brill, 2011.

Bevans, Stephen B. Essays in Contextual Theology. Leiden & Boston: Brill, 2018.

Bielo, James S. “‘The Mind of Christ’: Financial Success, Born-Again Personhood, and the Anthropology of Christianity.” Ethnos: Journal of Anthropology 72, no. 3 (2007): 316–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/00141840701576935.

Blocher, H. A. G. “Anthropology, Theological.” In Global Dictionary of Theology, edited by William A. Dyrness and Veli Matti Karkkainen. Illinois: IVP Academic, 2008.

Brown, Bernardo, and R. Michael Feener. “Configuring Catholicism in the Anthropology of Christianity.” Australian Journal of Anthropology 28, no. 2 (2017): 139–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/taja.12230.

Burns, J. Patout. Theological Anthropology. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1981.

Chino, Taido. “The Anthropologist (AND) The Theologian.” Neue Zeitschrift Fur Systematische Theologie Und Religionsphilosophie 59, no. 2 (2017): 199–227. https://doi.org/10.1515/nzsth-2017-0011.

Coleman, S., and Rosalind Ij Hackett. The Anthropology of Global Pentecostalism and Evangelicalism. New York: NYU Press, 2015.

Cross, F.L., and E.A. Livingstone. “Anthropology.” In The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. Oxford University Press, 2005.

Erickson, Paula A., and Liam D. Murphy. Sejarah Teori Antropologi. Jakarta: Kencana, 2018.

Feuerbach, Ludwig. The Essence of Christianity. New York: Prometheus Books, 1989.

Gramont, Jérôme de. “Anthropology.” In Encyclopedia of Christian Theology. Routledge, 2005.

Gultom, Junifirius. “Menghormati Penulis Dan Mengakui Pembaca: Pendekatan Rekonsiliatif Eric J. Douglass Dalam Metode Reader’s Response.” DUNAMIS: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristiani 6, no. 2 (2022): 809–28. https://doi.org/10.30648/dun.v6i2.697.

Hadiwijono, Harun. Sari Sejarah Filsafat Barat 1. 27th ed. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2012.

Harding, S. The Book of Jerry Falwell: Fundamentalist Language and Politics. Princenton: Princeton University Press, 2000.

Hardy, Daniel W. “Karl Barth.” In The Modern Theologians, edited by David Ford. Cambridge: Blackwell, 2005.

Hochschild, Paige E. Memory in Augustine’s Theological Anthropology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.

Jenkins, T. “The Anthropology of Christianity: Situation and Critique.” Ethnos 77 (2012): 459–76.

Karman, Yonky. Bunga Rampai Teologi Perjanjian Lama. 3rd ed. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2007.

Kilby, Karen. “Rahner.” In The Blackwell Companion to Modern Theology, edited by Gareth Jones. Malden: Blackwell, 2007.

Lacoste, Jean-Yves. “Anthropology.” In Encyclopedia of Christian Theology. Routledge, 2005.

Listijabudi, Daniel K. Bergulat Di Tepian. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2019.

Martin, David. Reflection on Sociology an Theology. New York: Clarendon Press Oxford, 1997.

Midson, Scott. “Humus and Sky Gods: Partnership and Post/Humans in Genesis 2 and the Chthulucene.” Sophia 58, no. 4 (2019): 689–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11841-018-0664-7.

Milbank, John. Theology and Social Theory. Oxford: Blackwell, 1990.

Modras, Ronald. “Implications of Rahner’s Anthropology for Fundamental Moral Theology.” Horizons 12, no. 1 (1985): 70–90. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0360966900034320.

Pasaribu, Andar G., Roy C.H.P. Sipahutar, and Eduward H. Hutabarat. “Imago Dei and Ecology: Rereading Genesis 1:26–28 from the Perspective of Toba Batak in the Ecological Struggle in Tapanuli, Indonesia.” Verbum et Ecclesia 43, no. 1–7 (2022).

Pasulu, Alpius. “Teologi Asia.” In Teologi-Teologi Kontemporer, edited by Jan S. Aritonang. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2018.

Plaisier, Arie Jan. Manusia, Gambar Allah. 3rd ed. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2017.

Robbins, Joel. “Anthropology and Theology: An Awkward Relationship?” Anthropological Quarterly 79, no. 2 (2006): 285–94. https://doi.org/10.1353/anq.2006.0025.

———. “The Anthropology of Christianity: Unity, Diversity, New Directions.” Current Anthropology 55 (2014): 157–71. https://doi.org/10.1086/678289.

Russell, Edward. “Reconsidering Relational Anthropology: A Critical Assessment of John Zizioulas’s Theological Anthropology.” International Journal of Systematic Theology 5, no. 2 (2003): 168–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/1463-1652.00102.

Sipahutar, Roy Charly HP. “Kemiskinan, Pengangguran Dan Ketidakadilan Sosial.” Christian Humaniora 3, no. 1 (2019): 47–54. https://doi.org/10.46965/jch.v3i1.120.

Sitompul, A. A. Manusia Dan Budaya. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1991.

Smedes, Taede A. “Emil Brunner Revisited: On The Cognitive Science Religion, The Imago Dei, and Revelation.” Zygon 49, no. 1 (2014): 190–207. https://doi.org/10.1111/zygo.12079.

Sopater, Sularso. Inti Ajaran Aliran Valentinian & Inti Ajaran Aliran Pangestu. 1st ed. Bandung: Bina Media Informasi, 2011.

Tanner, Kathryn. “The Difference Theological Anthropology Makes.” Theology Today 50, no. 4 (1994): 567–79. https://doi.org/10.1177/004057369405000407.

Thomas, M.M. “Wawasan-Wawasan Teologis Bagi Antropologi Sekular.” In Teologi Kristen Asia: Tema-Tema Yang Tampil Ke Permukaan, edited by Douglas J. Elwood. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2006.

Turner-Smith, Sarah G. “Naked but Not Ashamed: A Reading of Genesis 2:25 in Textual and Cultural Context.” Journal of Theological Studies 69, no. 2 (2018): 425–46. https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/fly078.

Visala, Aku. “Imago Dei, Dualism, and Evolution: A Philosophical Defense of the Structural Image of God.” Zygon 49, no. 1 (2014): 101–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/zygo.12063.

Wainwright, Geoffrey. “Doktrin Kristen/Teologi Sistematika.” In Ambang Pintu Teologi, edited by Paul Avis, 6th ed. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2013.

Webster, Joseph. “Anthropology-as-Theology: Violent Endings and the Permanence of New Beginnings.” American Anthropologist 124, no. 2 (2022): 333–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.13705.

Zizioulas, John D. Being as Communion: Studies in Personhood and the Church. New York: St Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1985.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30648/dun.v7i2.841