Mengurung Kebebasan dan Kebiasaan Manusia Melalui Keutamaan-keutamaan Teologis: Perspektif Karl Rahner

Ubat Pahala Charles Silalahi; Norbertus Antoin Binsasi; Gloria Matatula

doi:10.30648/dun.v9i1.1374

Mengurung Kebebasan dan Kebiasaan Manusia Melalui Keutamaan-keutamaan Teologis: Perspektif Karl Rahner

Ubat Pahala Charles Silalahi, Norbertus Antoin Binsasi, Gloria Matatula

Abstract

Abstract. This article explores Karl Rahner's theological perspective on the intersection of human freedom, habit, and theological virtues. Rahner offers a distinctive idea of human freedom in the context of divine grace and the theological virtues of faith, hope, and love. This study examines how theological virtues function as transformative structures that shape human freedom and habit. The method used in this study was a literature study of Karl Rahner's thought. The results of this study showed that true freedom is not the absence of limitations, but rather the ability to respond authentically to the divine call. This call directs humans towards a deeper communion with God and others. Rahner's views highlight the inevitable connection between human freedom, habit, and theological virtues in the context of Christian faith.

Abstrak. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi perspektif teologis Karl Rahner mengenai persinggungan antara kebebasan manusia, kebiasaan, dan keutamaan-keutamaan teologis. Rahner menawarkan sebuah gagasan yang khas tentang kebebasan manusia dalam konteks anugerah ilahi dan keutamaan-keutamaan teologis, yaitu iman, pengharapan, dan kasih. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana keutamaan teologis berfungsi sebagai struktur transformatif yang membentuk kebebasan dan kebiasaan manusia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kajian pustaka terhadap pemikiran Karl Rahner. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa kebebasan sejati bukan sebagai ketiadaan batasan, melainkan sebagai kemampuan untuk merespons secara otentik terhadap panggilan ilahi. Panggilan ini mengarahkan manusia menuju persekutuan yang lebih dalam dengan Tuhan dan sesama. Pandangan Rahner menyoroti keterkaitan yang tidak terelakkan antara kebebasan manusia, kebiasaan, dan keutamaan teologis dalam konteks iman Kristen.

Keywords

anugerah; determinism; determinisme; faith; free will; grace; hope; iman; kasih; kehendak bebas; love; pengharapan

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30648/dun.v9i1.1374